The Kroger Co.

KOG.DE · Consumer Defensive · Grocery Stores · Valued as of 2026-11-05 · Statements 2026-01-31

How Each Value Is Built

The screener's three formulas on the reported figures. Each card reads the same way: the value as a sum of numbered terms, each term's calculation opened under it, from the reported figures to the value. The list ranks companies by their plain average over the market cap.

What it is worth

EPV + Growth

29.78B USD

what the normal year's earnings are worth for ever, plus growth that pays

Profit

8.20B USD

15 years of cash the shareholders can take out, and the equity left at year 15

FCFF

8.82B USD

15 years of cash for shareholders and lenders, less what is owed

Average Intrinsic Value

15.60B USD

The plain average of EPV, Profit and FCFF

Against the price

Market Cap

35.27B USD

the price on the date above times the shares

Intrinsic Value ÷ Market Cap

0.44×

the ratio the screener ranks by

Margin of Safety

-126.1%

1 − Market Cap / Average Intrinsic Value

Projections, not exact values. Intrinsic Values are projected from each company's past reports. They show which stocks look cheap compared with the others, not exactly what a stock is worth.

Earnings power value plus growth: 29.78B USD
What the normal year's operating profit after tax is worth if it lasts for ever, plus what the new investment adds beyond its cost, less the net debt that comes before the shareholders (or plus the net cash).
①EPV (earnings power value)51.23B USD
−②Net Debt Today21.44B USD
+③Growth Value0 USD
=Value29.78B USD

EPV of the Operations (NOPAT over WACC)

51.23B USD

Net debt today

-21.44B USD

Growth Value

0 USD

Value

29.78B USD

①EPV (Earnings Power Value)

51.23B USD

②Net Debt Today

21.44B USD

③Growth Value

0 USD

Market value

Market Cap35.27B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-18.4%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

Profit value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash it can pay them (FCFE): 8.20B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to equity (FCFE), each brought to today at the cost of equity, plus the equity at year 15 brought to today.
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE6.82B USD
+②Equity at Year 15, Today1.37B USD
=Value8.20B USD
FCFE: the net income left for the shareholders once the business keeps what next year's growth needsEquity reinvestment: the part of the year's net income kept in the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releases to the shareholdersPresent value of the FCFEColoured bars show the FCFE, grey bars the equity reinvestment. With a positive equity reinvestment the two stacked are the year's normalized income; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the normalized income is the FCFE plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth rising to its long-run rate and the ROE on new investment falling to the cost of equity. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE

6.82B USD

②Equity at Year 15, Today

1.37B USD

Market value

Market Cap35.27B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-330.2%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

FCFF value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash the firm can pay its shareholders and lenders (FCFF): 8.82B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), each brought to today at the WACC, plus the invested capital at year 15 brought to today, less the net debt today (or plus the net cash).
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF13.55B USD
+②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today16.71B USD
−③Net Debt Today21.44B USD
=Value8.82B USD
FCFF: the NOPAT left for the shareholders and the lenders once the business reinvests what next year's growth needsReinvestment: the part of the year's NOPAT put back into the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releasesPresent value of the FCFFColoured bars show the FCFF, grey bars the reinvestment. With a positive reinvestment the two stacked are the year's NOPAT; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the NOPAT is the FCFF plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth rising to its long-run rate and the ROIC on new investment falling to the WACC. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF

13.55B USD

②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today

16.71B USD

③Net Debt Today

21.44B USD

Market value

Market Cap35.27B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-299.9%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

The Rates and the Capital the Values Read

The WACC and the cost of equity each value is discounted at, the book value and the net debt each starts from, and the seven quality metrics, from the same run.

WACC: 5.03%
Cost of Equity =Risk-Free Rate 4.50%+Beta 0.41×Market Risk Premium 6.00%= 6.94%

The yearly return the shareholders require for the risk they carry; it is the rate that brings their future cash to today.

Tax Rate for WACC =Tax Provision 176.18M USDPretax Income 1.20B USD= 14.67%

The tax the interest saves.

Interest Expense =EBIT 1,840.84M USD−Pretax Income 1,201.20M USD= 639.64M USD

The interest the company paid: EBIT is the profit before tax plus the interest.

Cost of Debt =Interest Expense 639.64M USDTotal Debt 24.18B USD×(1 − Tax Rate for WACC 14.67%)= 2.26%

What the lenders are paid a year after the tax the interest saves.

Debt Weight =Total Debt 24.18B USDMarket Cap + Total Debt 35.27B USD + 24.18B USD= 40.67%

The part of the capital the lenders put in, at market value.

WACC =Equity Weight 59.33%×Cost of Equity 6.94%+Debt Weight 40.67%×Cost of Debt 2.26%= 5.03%

Weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.

Book value and net debt today
Both from the balance sheet of the newest quarter, 2026-07-31.

Total Assets 49.54B USD − Total Liabilities 43.69B USD = Book Value Today 5.85B USD

Total Debt 24.18B USD − Cash and Short-Term Investments 2.74B USD = Net Debt Today 21.44B USD

The book value is what Profit starts from and what stands when a projection is not made; the book value plus the net debt is what FCFF starts from; the net debt comes off Greenwald's and FCFF's values before the shareholders.

Quality metrics
Read beside the value, never a condition for it: every company is valued, and a filter in the list is the reader's choice.
MetricFrom
Share dilutionShares Today ÷ Shares Two Years Back − 1-14.4%at most 5%passes616,560,677 / 720,000,000
Accrual quality(Operating Cash Flow − Net Income) ÷ Total Assets12.7%at least -10.0%passes(7.32B USD − 1.02B USD) ÷ 49.54B USD
Price to bookMarket Cap ÷ Book Value Today6.03×at most 3×does not pass35.27B USD ÷ 5.85B USD
Operating marginOperating Income ÷ Revenue1.3%above 10.0%does not pass1.89B USD ÷ 147.79B USD
Revenue growthRevenue ÷ Revenue a Year Before − 10.4%above 10.0%does not pass147.79B USD / 147.27B USD
Net cash(Cash − Total Debt) ÷ Market Cap-63.8%above -30%does not pass(1.68B USD − 24.18B USD) ÷ 35.27B USD
Operating efficiencyOperating Income ÷ Gross Profit5.5%above 25.0%does not pass1.89B USD ÷ 34.44B USD

Market Data

The provider's ratios and the analysts' consensus beside the argument; none of them enters a value.

Share price

53.16 EUR

Enterprise value

54.14B EUR

the provider's own figure

EV / EBITDA

6.72×

Price / book

6.15×

the provider's book

Price / earnings

32.58×

Return on equity

14.4%

the provider's figure, not this page's

Profit margin

0.7%

Revenue growth

2.0%

Analyst target, mean

—

Analysts

—

opinions in the consensus

Financial Statements

The annual lines the screener holds, year by year, in USD at each period's rate; the figures this valuation read are in its calculation above.

Income statement (USD)2023202420252026

Revenue

148.41B150.19B147.27B147.79B

Gross profit

31.81B33.40B33.44B34.44B

Operating income

4.13B3.10B3.85B1.89B

EBITDA

operating income before depreciation and amortisation

7.02B7.03B7.65B5.76B

Pretax income

2.90B2.84B3.35B1.20B

Net income

2.25B2.17B2.67B1.02B

Normalized income

net income without one-off items, as the data provider prints it; Profit's line when printed

2.81B2.05B2.72B1.05B

R&D

————
Balance sheet, year end (USD)2023202420252026

Total assets

49.67B50.56B52.67B50.00B

Total liabilities

39.65B38.94B44.38B44.06B

Shareholders' equity

the equity the parent's shareholders own, as printed, without minority interest; the book value the values read is total assets less total liabilities, in Book Value and Net Debt above

10.05B11.63B8.29B5.93B

Total debt

20.43B19.27B25.11B24.72B

Cash and equivalents

1.02B1.88B3.96B3.34B

Net PP&E

fixed assets after depreciation

31.42B31.95B32.57B30.97B

Working capital

current assets less current liabilities

-4.57B-3.11B-667.67M-3.61B
Cash flow (USD)2023202420252026

Operating cash flow

4.50B6.79B5.80B7.32B

Capital expenditure

paid out, so below zero

-3.08B-3.91B-4.02B-3.86B

Depreciation and amortisation

3.58B3.75B3.85B3.92B

Free cash flow

operating cash flow plus capital expenditure

1.42B2.89B1.78B3.46B