The Southern Company SO

Utilities · Utilities - Regulated Electric · valued as of 2026-11-03 · statements 2025-12-31

Average Intrinsic Value
$46.21B
Market Cap
$96.12B
Margin of Safety
-108.0%
Intrinsic / Market Ratio
0.48

How Each Value Is Built

The screener's three formulas on the reported figures. Each card reads the same way: the value as a sum of numbered terms, each term's calculation opened under it, from the reported figures to the value. The list ranks companies by their plain average over the market cap.

EPV + Growth

37.88B USD

what the normal year's earnings are worth for ever, plus growth that pays

Profit

58.37B USD

15 years of cash the shareholders can take out, and the equity left at year 15

FCFF

42.38B USD

15 years of cash for shareholders and lenders, less what is owed

Intrinsic Value

46.21B USD

the plain average of the three, uncapped, as the screener averages them

Intrinsic Value

46.21B USD

from the sum above

Market Cap

96.12B USD

today's price times the shares

Intrinsic Value ÷ Market Cap

0.48×

the ratio the screener ranks by; Margin of Safety -108.0% (1 − Market Cap ÷ Intrinsic Value)

Each card below builds one of the three values from the reported years.

Earnings power value plus growth: 37.88B USD
What the normal year's operating profit after tax is worth if it lasts for ever, plus what the new investment adds beyond its cost, less the net debt that comes before the shareholders (or plus the net cash).
①EPV (earnings power value)112.05B USD
−②Net Debt Today74.18B USD
+③Growth Value0 USD
=Value37.88B USD

EPV of the Operations (NOPAT over WACC)

112.05B USD

Net debt today

-74.18B USD

Growth Value

0 USD

Value

37.88B USD

①EPV (earnings power value)

112.05B USD

②Net Debt Today

74.18B USD

③Growth Value

0 USD

Market value

Market Cap96.12B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-153.8%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

Profit value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash it can pay them (FCFE): 58.37B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to equity (FCFE), each brought to today at the cost of equity, plus the equity at year 15 brought to today.
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE33.11B USD
+②Equity at Year 15, Today25.25B USD
=Value58.37B USD
FCFE: the net income left for the shareholders once the business keeps what next year's growth needsEquity reinvestment: the part of the year's net income kept in the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releases to the shareholdersPresent value of the FCFEColoured bars show the FCFE, grey bars the equity reinvestment. With a positive equity reinvestment the two stacked are the year's normalized income; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the normalized income is the FCFE plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth falling to its long-run rate and the ROE on new investment falling to the cost of equity. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE

33.11B USD

②Equity at Year 15, Today

25.25B USD

Market value

Market Cap96.12B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-64.7%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

FCFF value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash the firm can pay its shareholders and lenders (FCFF): 42.38B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), each brought to today at the WACC, plus the invested capital at year 15 brought to today, less the net debt today (or plus the net cash).

The projection was not made (an FCFF at or below zero in the latest three years), so the value is the book value today, 42.38B USD, as the screener leaves it.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF

Not in the value

②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today

Not in the value

③Net Debt Today

Not in the value

Market value

Market Cap96.12B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-126.8%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

The Rates and the Capital the Values Read

The WACC and the cost of equity each value is discounted at, the book value and the net debt each starts from, and the seven quality metrics, from the same run.

WACC: 5.11%
weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.
Cost of Equity =Risk-Free Rate 4.50%+Beta 0.32×Market Risk Premium 6.00%= 6.40%

The yearly return the shareholders require for the risk they carry; it is the rate that brings their future cash to today.

Tax Rate for WACC =Tax Provision 828.83M USDPretax Income 5.00B USD= 16.56%

The tax the interest saves.

Interest Expense =EBIT 8.25B USD−Pretax Income 5.00B USD= 3.24B USD

The interest the company paid: EBIT is the profit before tax plus the interest.

Cost of Debt =Interest Expense 3.24B USDTotal Debt 77.16B USD×(1 − Tax Rate for WACC 16.56%)= 3.50%

What the lenders are paid a year after the tax the interest saves.

Debt Weight =Total Debt 77.16B USDMarket Cap + Total Debt 96.12B USD + 77.16B USD= 44.53%

The part of the capital the lenders put in, at market value.

WACC =Equity Weight 55.47%×Cost of Equity 6.40%+Debt Weight 44.53%×Cost of Debt 3.50%= 5.11%

Weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.

Book value and net debt today
Both from the balance sheet of the newest quarter, 2026-06-30.

Total Assets 162.19B USD − Total Liabilities 119.80B USD = Book Value Today 42.38B USD

Total Debt 77.16B USD − Cash and Short-Term Investments 2.99B USD = Net Debt Today 74.18B USD

The book value is what Profit starts from and what stands when a projection is not made; the book value plus the net debt is what FCFF starts from; the net debt comes off Greenwald's and FCFF's values before the shareholders.

Quality metrics
Read beside the value, never a condition for it: every company is valued, and a filter in the list is the reader's choice.
MetricFrom
Share dilutionShares Today ÷ Shares Two Years Back − 15.5%at most 5%does not pass1,150,362,966 / 1,090,814,507
Accrual quality(Operating Cash Flow − Net Income) ÷ Total Assets3.4%at least -10.0%passes(9.81B USD − 4.35B USD) ÷ 162.19B USD
Price to bookMarket Cap ÷ Book Value Today2.27×at most 3×passes96.12B USD ÷ 42.38B USD
Operating marginOperating Income ÷ Revenue24.7%above 10.0%passes7.29B USD ÷ 29.58B USD
Revenue growthRevenue ÷ Revenue a Year Before − 110.6%above 10.0%passes29.58B USD / 26.75B USD
Net cash(Cash − Total Debt) ÷ Market Cap-77.2%above -30%does not pass(2.99B USD − 77.16B USD) ÷ 96.12B USD
Operating efficiencyOperating Income ÷ Gross Profit50.9%above 25.0%passes7.29B USD ÷ 14.34B USD

Market Data

The provider's ratios and the analysts' consensus beside the argument; none of them enters a value.

Market data
The data provider's own ratios and the analysts' consensus, read beside the valuation, never in it.

Share price

84 USD

Enterprise value

173.07B USD

market cap plus net debt

EV / EBITDA

12.13×

Price / book

2.43×

the provider's book

Price / earnings

20.11×

Return on equity

11.5%

the provider's, not the engine's

Profit margin

15.4%

Revenue growth

0.1%

Analyst target, mean

98 USD

Analysts

19

opinions in the consensus

Financial Statements

The income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow the screener holds, year by year, in USD.

Financial statements, year by year
The annual lines the screener holds today, in USD at each period's rate; the figures this valuation read are in its calculation above.
USD2022202320242025
Income statement

Revenue

29.31B25.28B26.75B29.58B

Gross profit

10.64B11.79B13.38B14.34B

Operating income

5.38B5.83B7.08B7.29B

EBITDA

operating income before depreciation and amortisation

10.32B11.79B13.25B14.28B

Pretax income

4.23B4.35B5.23B5.00B

Net income

3.54B3.98B4.41B4.35B

Normalized income

net income without one-off items, as the data provider prints it; Profit's line when printed

3.36B3.74B4.21B4.06B

R&D

————
Balance sheet, year end

Total assets

135.03B139.47B145.33B155.88B

Total liabilities

100.46B104.21B108.61B116.97B

Shareholders' equity

the equity the parent's shareholders own, as printed, without minority interest; the book value the values read is total assets less total liabilities, in Book Value and Net Debt above

30.44B31.48B33.24B36.05B

Total debt

59.19B63.55B66.34B74.15B

Cash and equivalents

1.92B748.75M1.07B1.64B

Net PP&E

fixed assets after depreciation

96.80B102.04B106.85B116.56B

Working capital

current assets less current liabilities

-5.31B-3.04B-5.30B-5.98B
Cash flow

Operating cash flow

6.31B7.56B9.80B9.81B

Capital expenditure

paid out, so below zero

-7.93B-9.10B-8.96B-12.75B

Depreciation and amortisation

4.07B4.99B5.27B6.04B

Free cash flow

operating cash flow plus capital expenditure

-1.62B-1.54B833.83M-2.94B