Federal Signal Corporation FSS

Industrials · Farm & Heavy Construction Machinery · valued as of 2026-11-02 · statements 2025-12-31

Average Intrinsic Value
$2.30B
Market Cap
$6.95B
Margin of Safety
-202.0%
Intrinsic / Market Ratio
0.33

How Each Value Is Built

The screener's three formulas on the reported figures. Each card reads the same way: the value as a sum of numbered terms, each term's calculation opened under it, from the reported figures to the value. The list ranks companies by their plain average over the market cap.

EPV + Growth

1.92B USD

what the normal year's earnings are worth for ever, plus growth that pays

Profit

2.96B USD

15 years of cash the shareholders can take out, and the equity left at year 15

FCFF

2.02B USD

15 years of cash for shareholders and lenders, less what is owed

Intrinsic Value

2.30B USD

the plain average of the three, uncapped, as the screener averages them

Intrinsic Value

2.30B USD

from the sum above

Market Cap

6.95B USD

today's price times the shares

Intrinsic Value ÷ Market Cap

0.33×

the ratio the screener ranks by; Margin of Safety -202.0% (1 − Market Cap ÷ Intrinsic Value)

Each card below builds one of the three values from the reported years.

Earnings power value plus growth: 1.92B USD
What the normal year's operating profit after tax is worth if it lasts for ever, plus what the new investment adds beyond its cost, less the net debt that comes before the shareholders (or plus the net cash).
①EPV (earnings power value)2.13B USD
−②Net Debt Today423.42M USD
+③Growth Value220.25M USD
=Value1.92B USD

EPV of the Operations (NOPAT over WACC)

2.13B USD

Net debt today

-423.42M USD

Growth Value

+220.25M USD

Value

1.92B USD

①EPV (earnings power value)

2.13B USD

②Net Debt Today

423.42M USD

③Growth Value

220.25M USD

Market value

Market Cap6.95B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-261.2%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

Profit value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash it can pay them (FCFE): 2.96B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to equity (FCFE), each brought to today at the cost of equity, plus the equity at year 15 brought to today.
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE2.07B USD
+②Equity at Year 15, Today888.91M USD
=Value2.96B USD
FCFE: the net income left for the shareholders once the business keeps what next year's growth needsEquity reinvestment: the part of the year's net income kept in the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releases to the shareholdersPresent value of the FCFEColoured bars show the FCFE, grey bars the equity reinvestment. With a positive equity reinvestment the two stacked are the year's normalized income; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the normalized income is the FCFE plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth falling to its long-run rate and the ROE on new investment falling to the cost of equity. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE

2.07B USD

②Equity at Year 15, Today

888.91M USD

Market value

Market Cap6.95B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-134.7%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

FCFF value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash the firm can pay its shareholders and lenders (FCFF): 2.02B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), each brought to today at the WACC, plus the invested capital at year 15 brought to today, less the net debt today (or plus the net cash).
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF1.88B USD
+②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today556.97M USD
−③Net Debt Today423.42M USD
=Value2.02B USD
FCFF: the NOPAT left for the shareholders and the lenders once the business reinvests what next year's growth needsReinvestment: the part of the year's NOPAT put back into the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releasesPresent value of the FCFFColoured bars show the FCFF, grey bars the reinvestment. With a positive reinvestment the two stacked are the year's NOPAT; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the NOPAT is the FCFF plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth falling to its long-run rate and the ROIC on new investment falling to the WACC. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF

1.88B USD

②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today

556.97M USD

③Net Debt Today

423.42M USD

Market value

Market Cap6.95B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-244.3%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

The Rates and the Capital the Values Read

The WACC and the cost of equity each value is discounted at, the book value and the net debt each starts from, and the seven quality metrics, from the same run.

WACC: 11.26%
weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.
Cost of Equity =Risk-Free Rate 4.50%+Beta 1.23×Market Risk Premium 6.00%= 11.89%

The yearly return the shareholders require for the risk they carry; it is the rate that brings their future cash to today.

Tax Rate for WACC =Tax Provision 77.98M USDPretax Income 324.82M USD= 24.01%

The tax the interest saves.

Interest Expense =EBIT 338.94M USD−Pretax Income 324.82M USD= 14.11M USD

The interest the company paid: EBIT is the profit before tax plus the interest.

Cost of Debt =Interest Expense 14.11M USDTotal Debt 486.29M USD×(1 − Tax Rate for WACC 24.01%)= 2.21%

What the lenders are paid a year after the tax the interest saves.

Debt Weight =Total Debt 486.29M USDMarket Cap + Total Debt 6.95B USD + 486.29M USD= 6.54%

The part of the capital the lenders put in, at market value.

WACC =Equity Weight 93.46%×Cost of Equity 11.89%+Debt Weight 6.54%×Cost of Debt 2.21%= 11.26%

Weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.

Book value and net debt today
Both from the balance sheet of the newest quarter, 2026-06-30.

Total Assets 2.44B USD − Total Liabilities 933.33M USD = Book Value Today 1.51B USD

Total Debt 486.29M USD − Cash and Short-Term Investments 62.86M USD = Net Debt Today 423.42M USD

The book value is what Profit starts from and what stands when a projection is not made; the book value plus the net debt is what FCFF starts from; the net debt comes off Greenwald's and FCFF's values before the shareholders.

Quality metrics
Read beside the value, never a condition for it: every company is valued, and a filter in the list is the reader's choice.
MetricFrom
Share dilutionShares Today ÷ Shares Two Years Back − 10.1%at most 5%passes61,041,611 / 61,000,000
Accrual quality(Operating Cash Flow − Net Income) ÷ Total Assets0.3%at least -10.0%passes(254.95M USD − 246.85M USD) ÷ 2.44B USD
Price to bookMarket Cap ÷ Book Value Today4.60×at most 3×does not pass6.95B USD ÷ 1.51B USD
Operating marginOperating Income ÷ Revenue16.4%above 10.0%passes357.26M USD ÷ 2.18B USD
Revenue growthRevenue ÷ Revenue a Year Before − 117.1%above 10.0%passes2.18B USD / 1.86B USD
Net cash(Cash − Total Debt) ÷ Market Cap-6.1%above -30%passes(62.86M USD − 486.29M USD) ÷ 6.95B USD
Operating efficiencyOperating Income ÷ Gross Profit56.5%above 25.0%passes357.26M USD ÷ 631.83M USD

Market Data

The provider's ratios and the analysts' consensus beside the argument; none of them enters a value.

Market data
The data provider's own ratios and the analysts' consensus, read beside the valuation, never in it.

Share price

114 USD

Enterprise value

7.48B USD

market cap plus net debt

EV / EBITDA

14.96×

Price / book

4.60×

the provider's book

Price / earnings

24.50×

Return on equity

20.6%

the provider's, not the engine's

Profit margin

11.7%

Revenue growth

18.7%

Analyst target, mean

144 USD

Analysts

7

opinions in the consensus

Financial Statements

The income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow the screener holds, year by year, in USD.

Financial statements, year by year
The annual lines the screener holds today, in USD at each period's rate; the figures this valuation read are in its calculation above.
USD2022202320242025
Income statement

Revenue

1.44B1.72B1.86B2.18B

Gross profit

345.24M450.65M533.53M631.83M

Operating income

160.46M225.12M280.48M357.26M

EBITDA

operating income before depreciation and amortisation

216.12M283.38M342.04M419.52M

Pretax income

151.05M203.20M264.16M324.82M

Net income

120.52M157.56M216.52M246.85M

Normalized income

net income without one-off items, as the data provider prints it; Profit's line when printed

120.12M157.87M218.65M259.02M

R&D

————
Balance sheet, year end

Total assets

1.53B1.62B1.77B2.39B

Total liabilities

664.06M619.22M579.68M1.01B

Shareholders' equity

the equity the parent's shareholders own, as printed, without minority interest; the book value the values read is total assets less total liabilities, in Book Value and Net Debt above

861.76M1.00B1.19B1.38B

Total debt

388.79M321.02M252.65M595.19M

Cash and equivalents

47.55M61.06M91.19M63.76M

Net PP&E

fixed assets after depreciation

313.41M346.95M420.32M506.21M

Working capital

current assets less current liabilities

351.25M374.77M401.10M571.97M
Cash flow

Operating cash flow

71.87M194.59M231.53M254.95M

Capital expenditure

paid out, so below zero

-53.05M-30.33M-40.64M-27.63M

Depreciation and amortisation

54.75M60.46M65.37M80.58M

Free cash flow

operating cash flow plus capital expenditure

18.82M164.26M190.89M227.33M