Constellation Software Inc. CSU.TO

Technology · Software - Application · valued as of 2026-11-03 · statements 2025-12-31

Average Intrinsic Value
$10.10B
Market Cap
$45.16B
Margin of Safety
-347.3%
Intrinsic / Market Ratio
0.22

How Each Value Is Built

The screener's three formulas on the reported figures. Each card reads the same way: the value as a sum of numbered terms, each term's calculation opened under it, from the reported figures to the value. The list ranks companies by their plain average over the market cap.

EPV + Growth

13.29B USD

what the normal year's earnings are worth for ever, plus growth that pays

Profit

12.11B USD

15 years of cash the shareholders can take out, and the equity left at year 15

FCFF

4.89B USD

15 years of cash for shareholders and lenders, less what is owed

Intrinsic Value

10.10B USD

the plain average of the three, uncapped, as the screener averages them

Intrinsic Value

10.10B USD

from the sum above

Market Cap

45.16B USD

today's price times the shares

Intrinsic Value ÷ Market Cap

0.22×

the ratio the screener ranks by; Margin of Safety -347.3% (1 − Market Cap ÷ Intrinsic Value)

Each card below builds one of the three values from the reported years.

Earnings power value plus growth: 13.29B USD
What the normal year's operating profit after tax is worth if it lasts for ever, plus what the new investment adds beyond its cost, less the net debt that comes before the shareholders (or plus the net cash).
①EPV (earnings power value)14.16B USD
−②Net Debt Today2.94B USD
+③Growth Value2.07B USD
=Value13.29B USD

EPV of the Operations (NOPAT over WACC)

14.16B USD

Net debt today

-2.94B USD

Growth Value

+2.07B USD

Value

13.29B USD

①EPV (earnings power value)

14.16B USD

②Net Debt Today

2.94B USD

③Growth Value

2.07B USD

Market value

Market Cap45.16B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-239.9%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

Profit value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash it can pay them (FCFE): 12.11B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to equity (FCFE), each brought to today at the cost of equity, plus the equity at year 15 brought to today.
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE7.20B USD
+②Equity at Year 15, Today4.91B USD
=Value12.11B USD
FCFE: the net income left for the shareholders once the business keeps what next year's growth needsEquity reinvestment: the part of the year's net income kept in the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releases to the shareholdersPresent value of the FCFEColoured bars show the FCFE, grey bars the equity reinvestment. With a positive equity reinvestment the two stacked are the year's normalized income; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the normalized income is the FCFE plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth falling to its long-run rate and the ROE on new investment falling to the cost of equity. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE

7.20B USD

②Equity at Year 15, Today

4.91B USD

Market value

Market Cap45.16B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-272.8%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

FCFF value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash the firm can pay its shareholders and lenders (FCFF): 4.89B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), each brought to today at the WACC, plus the invested capital at year 15 brought to today, less the net debt today (or plus the net cash).
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF6.50B USD
+②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today1.33B USD
−③Net Debt Today2.94B USD
=Value4.89B USD
FCFF: the NOPAT left for the shareholders and the lenders once the business reinvests what next year's growth needsReinvestment: the part of the year's NOPAT put back into the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releasesPresent value of the FCFFColoured bars show the FCFF, grey bars the reinvestment. With a positive reinvestment the two stacked are the year's NOPAT; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the NOPAT is the FCFF plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth rising to its long-run rate and the ROIC on new investment falling to the WACC. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF

6.50B USD

②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today

1.33B USD

③Net Debt Today

2.94B USD

Market value

Market Cap45.16B USD

Today's price times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-823.0%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

The Rates and the Capital the Values Read

The WACC and the cost of equity each value is discounted at, the book value and the net debt each starts from, and the seven quality metrics, from the same run.

WACC: 8.02%
weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.
Cost of Equity =Risk-Free Rate 4.50%+Beta 0.70×Market Risk Premium 6.00%= 8.70%

The yearly return the shareholders require for the risk they carry; it is the rate that brings their future cash to today.

Tax Rate for WACC =Tax Provision 353.35M USDPretax Income 939.94M USD= 37.59%

The tax the interest saves.

Interest Expense =EBIT 1.20B USD−Pretax Income 939.94M USD= 256.26M USD

The interest the company paid: EBIT is the profit before tax plus the interest.

Cost of Debt =Interest Expense 256.26M USDTotal Debt 5.83B USD×(1 − Tax Rate for WACC 37.59%)= 2.74%

What the lenders are paid a year after the tax the interest saves.

Debt Weight =Total Debt 5.83B USDMarket Cap + Total Debt 45.16B USD + 5.83B USD= 11.44%

The part of the capital the lenders put in, at market value.

WACC =Equity Weight 88.56%×Cost of Equity 8.70%+Debt Weight 11.44%×Cost of Debt 2.74%= 8.02%

Weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.

Book value and net debt today
Both from the balance sheet of the newest quarter, 2026-06-30.

Total Assets 17.63B USD − Total Liabilities 12.75B USD = Book Value Today 4.88B USD

Total Debt 5.83B USD − Cash and Short-Term Investments 2.89B USD = Net Debt Today 2.94B USD

The book value is what Profit starts from and what stands when a projection is not made; the book value plus the net debt is what FCFF starts from; the net debt comes off Greenwald's and FCFF's values before the shareholders.

Quality metrics
Read beside the value, never a condition for it: every company is valued, and a filter in the list is the reader's choice.
MetricFrom
Share dilutionShares Today ÷ Shares Two Years Back − 10.0%at most 5%passes21,191,530 / 21,191,530
Accrual quality(Operating Cash Flow − Net Income) ÷ Total Assets12.6%at least -10.0%passes(2.73B USD − 512.51M USD) ÷ 17.63B USD
Price to bookMarket Cap ÷ Book Value Today9.26×at most 3×does not pass45.16B USD ÷ 4.88B USD
Operating marginOperating Income ÷ Revenue18.1%above 10.0%passes2.11B USD ÷ 11.63B USD
Revenue growthRevenue ÷ Revenue a Year Before − 115.5%above 10.0%passes11.63B USD / 10.08B USD
Net cash(Cash − Total Debt) ÷ Market Cap-6.5%above -30%passes(2.89B USD − 5.83B USD) ÷ 45.16B USD
Operating efficiencyOperating Income ÷ Gross Profit48.3%above 25.0%passes2.11B USD ÷ 4.37B USD

Market Data

The provider's ratios and the analysts' consensus beside the argument; none of them enters a value.

Market data
The data provider's own ratios and the analysts' consensus, read beside the valuation, never in it.

Share price

2.98K USD

Enterprise value

66.68B USD

market cap plus net debt

EV / EBITDA

28.74×

Price / book

10.93×

the provider's book

Price / earnings

46.36×

Return on equity

23.3%

the provider's, not the engine's

Profit margin

7.6%

Revenue growth

17.3%

Analyst target, mean

4.06K USD

Analysts

12

opinions in the consensus

Financial Statements

The income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow the screener holds, year by year, in USD.

Financial statements, year by year
The annual lines the screener holds today, in USD at each period's rate; the figures this valuation read are in its calculation above.
USD2022202320242025
Income statement

Revenue

6.63B8.41B10.08B11.63B

Gross profit

2.33B2.95B3.62B4.37B

Operating income

1.04B1.32B1.65B2.11B

EBITDA

operating income before depreciation and amortisation

1.63B1.45B2.49B2.58B

Pretax income

725.72M265.26M1.01B939.94M

Net income

512.51M565.56M731.73M512.51M

Normalized income

net income without one-off items, as the data provider prints it; Profit's line when printed

475.30M575.19M725.66M579.35M

R&D

————
Balance sheet, year end

Total assets

7.88B10.87B12.86B16.19B

Total liabilities

5.94B8.91B9.57B11.91B

Shareholders' equity

the equity the parent's shareholders own, as printed, without minority interest; the book value the values read is total assets less total liabilities, in Book Value and Net Debt above

1.71B1.88B2.80B3.58B

Total debt

2.29B3.69B4.54B5.79B

Cash and equivalents

811.81M1.29B1.98B3.09B

Net PP&E

fixed assets after depreciation

412.41M453.45M550.55M624.62M

Working capital

current assets less current liabilities

-1.31B-2.15B-370.37M-271.27M
Cash flow

Operating cash flow

1.30B1.78B2.20B2.73B

Capital expenditure

paid out, so below zero

-41.04M-42.04M-67.07M-68.07M

Depreciation and amortisation

819.82M1.02B1.23B1.38B

Free cash flow

operating cash flow plus capital expenditure

1.26B1.74B2.13B2.67B