HAVAS.AS
Havas N.V.

Communication Services · Advertising Agencies · valued as of 2026-11-03 · statements 2025-12-31

Average Intrinsic Value

2.88B USD

Market Cap

1.86B USD

Margin of Safety

35.6%

Intrinsic / Market Ratio

1.55×

Projections, not exact values. Intrinsic Values are projected from each company's past reports. They show which stocks look cheap compared with the others, not exactly what a stock is worth.

How Each Value Is Built

The screener's three formulas on the reported figures. Each card reads the same way: the value as a sum of numbered terms, each term's calculation opened under it, from the reported figures to the value. The list ranks companies by their plain average over the market cap.

EPV + Growth

3.65B USD

what the normal year's earnings are worth for ever, plus growth that pays

Profit

2.27B USD

15 years of cash the shareholders can take out, and the equity left at year 15

FCFF

2.73B USD

15 years of cash for shareholders and lenders, less what is owed

Intrinsic Value

2.88B USD

the plain average of the three, uncapped, as the screener averages them

Intrinsic Value

2.88B USD

from the sum above

Market Cap

1.86B USD

the price on the date above times the shares

Intrinsic Value ÷ Market Cap

1.55×

the ratio the screener ranks by; Margin of Safety +35.6% (1 − Market Cap ÷ Intrinsic Value)

Each card below builds one of the three values from the reported years.

Earnings power value plus growth: 3.65B USD
What the normal year's operating profit after tax is worth if it lasts for ever, plus what the new investment adds beyond its cost, less the net debt that comes before the shareholders (or plus the net cash).
①EPV (earnings power value)3.44B USD
−②Net Debt Today399.03M USD
+③Growth Value604.51M USD
=Value3.65B USD

EPV of the Operations (NOPAT over WACC)

3.44B USD

Net debt today

-399.03M USD

Growth Value

+604.51M USD

Value

3.65B USD

①EPV (earnings power value)

3.44B USD

②Net Debt Today

399.03M USD

③Growth Value

604.51M USD

Market value

Market Cap1.86B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety+49.1%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

Profit value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash it can pay them (FCFE): 2.27B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to equity (FCFE), each brought to today at the cost of equity, plus the equity at year 15 brought to today.
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE1.59B USD
+②Equity at Year 15, Today677.34M USD
=Value2.27B USD
FCFE: the net income left for the shareholders once the business keeps what next year's growth needsEquity reinvestment: the part of the year's net income kept in the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releases to the shareholdersPresent value of the FCFEColoured bars show the FCFE, grey bars the equity reinvestment. With a positive equity reinvestment the two stacked are the year's normalized income; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the normalized income is the FCFE plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth falling to its long-run rate and the ROE on new investment rising to the cost of equity. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE

1.59B USD

②Equity at Year 15, Today

677.34M USD

Market value

Market Cap1.86B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety+18.2%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

FCFF value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash the firm can pay its shareholders and lenders (FCFF): 2.73B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), each brought to today at the WACC, plus the invested capital at year 15 brought to today, less the net debt today (or plus the net cash).
①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF2.30B USD
+②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today832.69M USD
−③Net Debt Today399.03M USD
=Value2.73B USD
FCFF: the NOPAT left for the shareholders and the lenders once the business reinvests what next year's growth needsReinvestment: the part of the year's NOPAT put back into the business to grow the next year; below zero, capital the business releasesPresent value of the FCFFColoured bars show the FCFF, grey bars the reinvestment. With a positive reinvestment the two stacked are the year's NOPAT; with a negative one the grey is below zero, capital the business releases, and the NOPAT is the FCFF plus that negative amount. Shaded, years 6 to 10: the growth rising to its long-run rate and the ROIC on new investment falling to the WACC. Axes linear.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF

2.30B USD

②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today

832.69M USD

③Net Debt Today

399.03M USD

Market value

Market Cap1.86B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety+32.0%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

The Rates and the Capital the Values Read

The WACC and the cost of equity each value is discounted at, the book value and the net debt each starts from, and the seven quality metrics, from the same run.

WACC: 7.83%
Cost of Equity =Risk-Free Rate 4.50%+Beta (default) 1.00×Market Risk Premium 6.00%= 10.50%

The yearly return the shareholders require for the risk they carry; it is the rate that brings their future cash to today.

Tax Rate for WACC =Tax Provision 105.83M USDPretax Income 352.77M USD= 30.00%

The tax the interest saves.

Interest Expense =EBIT 366.88M USD−Pretax Income 352.77M USD= 14.11M USD

The interest the company paid: EBIT is the profit before tax plus the interest.

Cost of Debt =Interest Expense 14.11M USDTotal Debt 758.04M USD×(1 − Tax Rate for WACC 30.00%)= 1.30%

What the lenders are paid a year after the tax the interest saves.

Debt Weight =Total Debt 758.04M USDMarket Cap + Total Debt 1.86B USD + 758.04M USD= 28.99%

The part of the capital the lenders put in, at market value.

WACC =Equity Weight 71.01%×Cost of Equity 10.50%+Debt Weight 28.99%×Cost of Debt 1.30%= 7.83%

Weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.

Book value and net debt today
Both from the balance sheet of the newest quarter, 2026-06-30.

Total Assets 7.82B USD − Total Liabilities 5.69B USD = Book Value Today 2.13B USD

Total Debt 758.04M USD − Cash and Short-Term Investments 359.01M USD = Net Debt Today 399.03M USD

The book value is what Profit starts from and what stands when a projection is not made; the book value plus the net debt is what FCFF starts from; the net debt comes off Greenwald's and FCFF's values before the shareholders.

Quality metrics
Read beside the value, never a condition for it: every company is valued, and a filter in the list is the reader's choice.
MetricFrom
Share dilutionShares Today ÷ Shares Two Years Back − 1-1.6%at most 5%passes97,593,929 / 99,181,149
Accrual quality(Operating Cash Flow − Net Income) ÷ Total Assets2.6%at least -10.0%passes(426.85M USD − 222.25M USD) ÷ 7.82B USD
Price to bookMarket Cap ÷ Book Value Today0.87×at most 3×passes1.86B USD ÷ 2.13B USD
Operating marginOperating Income ÷ Revenue12.0%above 10.0%passes412.74M USD ÷ 3.43B USD
Revenue growthRevenue ÷ Revenue a Year Before − 114.9%above 10.0%passes3.43B USD / 2.98B USD
Net cash(Cash − Total Debt) ÷ Market Cap-22.2%above -30%passes(345.29M USD − 758.04M USD) ÷ 1.86B USD
Operating efficiencyOperating Income ÷ Gross Profit12.6%above 25.0%does not pass412.74M USD ÷ 3.27B USD

Market Data

The provider's ratios and the analysts' consensus beside the argument; none of them enters a value.

Share price

16.97 EUR

Enterprise value

2.06B EUR

the provider's own figure

EV / EBITDA

5.19×

Price / book

0.90×

the provider's book

Price / earnings

8.69×

Return on equity

12.2%

the provider's figure, not this page's

Profit margin

6.8%

Revenue growth

0.6%

Analyst target, mean

21.08 EUR

Analysts

9

opinions in the consensus

Financial Statements

The annual lines the screener holds, year by year, in USD at each period's rate; the figures this valuation read are in its calculation above.

USD2022202320242025
Income statement

Revenue

2.95B3.18B2.98B3.43B

Gross profit

2.76B2.99B2.85B3.27B

Operating income

336.15M349.00M341.66M412.74M

EBITDA

operating income before depreciation and amortisation

453.54M471.98M432.29M497.41M

Pretax income

291.33M309.11M289.58M352.77M

Net income

182.48M185.02M180.21M222.25M

Normalized income

net income without one-off items, as the data provider prints it; Profit's line when printed

197.99M186.47M184.20M238.59M

R&D

————
Balance sheet, year end

Total assets

7.25B7.65B6.95B7.72B

Total liabilities

5.24B5.48B4.97B5.55B

Shareholders' equity

the equity the parent's shareholders own, as printed, without minority interest; the book value the values read is total assets less total liabilities, in Book Value and Net Debt above

1.99B2.14B1.96B2.13B

Total debt

463.14M414.36M336.45M436.26M

Cash and equivalents

236.91M356.75M243.75M292.80M

Net PP&E

fixed assets after depreciation

612.54M558.39M461.45M503.29M

Working capital

current assets less current liabilities

-493.02M-551.75M-654.16M-779.62M
Cash flow

Operating cash flow

394.84M377.80M252.08M426.85M

Capital expenditure

paid out, so below zero

-39.48M-38.78M-35.42M-42.33M

Depreciation and amortisation

147.27M135.17M117.71M122.29M

Free cash flow

operating cash flow plus capital expenditure

355.36M339.03M216.66M384.52M