AXF1.F
Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles, S.A.

Industrials · Railroads · valued as of 2026-11-03 · statements 2025-12-31

Average Intrinsic Value

1.48B USD

Market Cap

2.88B USD

Margin of Safety

-94.5%

Intrinsic / Market Ratio

0.51×

Projections, not exact values. Intrinsic Values are projected from each company's past reports. They show which stocks look cheap compared with the others, not exactly what a stock is worth.

How Each Value Is Built

The screener's three formulas on the reported figures. Each card reads the same way: the value as a sum of numbered terms, each term's calculation opened under it, from the reported figures to the value. The list ranks companies by their plain average over the market cap.

EPV + Growth

2.05B USD

what the normal year's earnings are worth for ever, plus growth that pays

Profit

1.19B USD

15 years of cash the shareholders can take out, and the equity left at year 15

FCFF

1.19B USD

15 years of cash for shareholders and lenders, less what is owed

Intrinsic Value

1.48B USD

the plain average of the three, uncapped, as the screener averages them

Intrinsic Value

1.48B USD

from the sum above

Market Cap

2.88B USD

the price on the date above times the shares

Intrinsic Value ÷ Market Cap

0.51×

the ratio the screener ranks by; Margin of Safety -94.5% (1 − Market Cap ÷ Intrinsic Value)

Each card below builds one of the three values from the reported years.

Earnings power value plus growth: 2.05B USD
What the normal year's operating profit after tax is worth if it lasts for ever, plus what the new investment adds beyond its cost, less the net debt that comes before the shareholders (or plus the net cash).
①EPV (earnings power value)2.25B USD
−②Net Debt Today196.50M USD
+③Growth Value0 USD
=Value2.05B USD

EPV of the Operations (NOPAT over WACC)

2.25B USD

Net debt today

-196.50M USD

Growth Value

0 USD

Value

2.05B USD

①EPV (earnings power value)

2.25B USD

②Net Debt Today

196.50M USD

③Growth Value

0 USD

Market value

Market Cap2.88B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-40.3%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

Profit value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash it can pay them (FCFE): 1.19B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to equity (FCFE), each brought to today at the cost of equity, plus the equity at year 15 brought to today.

The projection was not made (no book value at the start of the latest year), so the value is the book value today, 1.19B USD, as the screener leaves it.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFE

Not in the value

②Equity at Year 15, Today

Not in the value

Market value

Market Cap2.88B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-141.2%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

FCFF value: today's value of the shareholders' equity, from the cash the firm can pay its shareholders and lenders (FCFF): 1.19B USD
Fifteen years of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), each brought to today at the WACC, plus the invested capital at year 15 brought to today, less the net debt today (or plus the net cash).

The projection was not made (a change in working capital above half the operating profit in the latest three years), so the value is the book value today, 1.19B USD, as the screener leaves it.

①Present Value of the 15 Years of FCFF

Not in the value

②Invested Capital at Year 15, Today

Not in the value

③Net Debt Today

Not in the value

Market value

Market Cap2.88B USD

The price on the date above times the shares.

Value vs market

Margin of Safety-141.2%

1 minus the market cap as a share of the value.

The Rates and the Capital the Values Read

The WACC and the cost of equity each value is discounted at, the book value and the net debt each starts from, and the seven quality metrics, from the same run.

WACC: 7.54%
Cost of Equity =Risk-Free Rate 4.50%+Beta 0.76×Market Risk Premium 6.00%= 9.05%

The yearly return the shareholders require for the risk they carry; it is the rate that brings their future cash to today.

Tax Rate for WACC =Tax Provision 75.59M USDPretax Income 253.57M USD= 29.81%

The tax the interest saves.

Interest Expense =EBIT 291.05M USD−Pretax Income 253.57M USD= 37.48M USD

The interest the company paid: EBIT is the profit before tax plus the interest.

Cost of Debt =Interest Expense 37.48M USDTotal Debt 927.97M USD×(1 − Tax Rate for WACC 29.81%)= 2.84%

What the lenders are paid a year after the tax the interest saves.

Debt Weight =Total Debt 927.97M USDMarket Cap + Total Debt 2.88B USD + 927.97M USD= 24.39%

The part of the capital the lenders put in, at market value.

WACC =Equity Weight 75.61%×Cost of Equity 9.05%+Debt Weight 24.39%×Cost of Debt 2.84%= 7.54%

Weighted average cost of capital: the yearly return the shareholders and the lenders together require, weighted by what each puts in; the rate that brings the firm's future cash to today.

Book value and net debt today
Both from the balance sheet of the newest quarter, 2026-06-30.

Total Assets 6.64B USD − Total Liabilities 5.44B USD = Book Value Today 1.19B USD

Total Debt 927.97M USD − Cash and Short-Term Investments 731.47M USD = Net Debt Today 196.50M USD

The book value is what Profit starts from and what stands when a projection is not made; the book value plus the net debt is what FCFF starts from; the net debt comes off Greenwald's and FCFF's values before the shareholders.

Quality metrics
Read beside the value, never a condition for it: every company is valued, and a filter in the list is the reader's choice.
MetricFrom
Share dilutionShares Today ÷ Shares Two Years Back − 10.0%at most 5%passes34,248,617 / 34,237,432
Accrual quality(Operating Cash Flow − Net Income) ÷ Total Assets0.7%at least -10.0%passes(216.27M USD − 171.99M USD) ÷ 6.64B USD
Price to bookMarket Cap ÷ Book Value Today2.41×at most 3×passes2.88B USD ÷ 1.19B USD
Operating marginOperating Income ÷ Revenue5.4%above 10.0%does not pass283.87M USD ÷ 5.28B USD
Revenue growthRevenue ÷ Revenue a Year Before − 120.3%above 10.0%passes5.28B USD / 4.39B USD
Net cash(Cash − Total Debt) ÷ Market Cap-7.9%above -30%passes(701.87M USD − 927.97M USD) ÷ 2.88B USD
Operating efficiencyOperating Income ÷ Gross Profit22.4%above 25.0%does not pass283.87M USD ÷ 1.27B USD

Market Data

The provider's ratios and the analysts' consensus beside the argument; none of them enters a value.

Share price

74.97 EUR

Enterprise value

2.96B EUR

the provider's own figure

EV / EBITDA

8.80×

Price / book

2.48×

the provider's book

Price / earnings

14.89×

Return on equity

18.0%

the provider's figure, not this page's

Profit margin

3.6%

Revenue growth

29.7%

Analyst target, mean

—

Analysts

—

opinions in the consensus

Financial Statements

The annual lines the screener holds, year by year, in USD at each period's rate; the figures this valuation read are in its calculation above.

USD2022202320242025
Income statement

Revenue

3.38B4.24B4.39B5.28B

Gross profit

746.95M901.84M984.14M1.27B

Operating income

145.97M200.71M223.39M283.87M

EBITDA

operating income before depreciation and amortisation

265.78M320.07M326.45M417.98M

Pretax income

97.23M155.84M167.32M253.57M

Net income

55.69M98.78M107.56M171.99M

Normalized income

net income without one-off items, as the data provider prints it; Profit's line when printed

53.76M99.51M106.78M168.62M

R&D

————
Balance sheet, year end

Total assets

5.28B———

Total liabilities

4.44B4.64B4.50B5.34B

Shareholders' equity

the equity the parent's shareholders own, as printed, without minority interest; the book value the values read is total assets less total liabilities, in Book Value and Net Debt above

828.02M947.54M918.94M1.15B

Total debt

950.35M924.98M881.35M960.75M

Cash and equivalents

505.12M490.58M597.43M703.55M

Net PP&E

fixed assets after depreciation

————

Working capital

current assets less current liabilities

311.45M371.56M473.24M743.33M
Cash flow

Operating cash flow

118.42M117.59M192.53M216.27M

Capital expenditure

paid out, so below zero

-82.75M-87.46M-89.65M-133.61M

Depreciation and amortisation

101.80M115.72M115.03M126.93M

Free cash flow

operating cash flow plus capital expenditure

35.67M30.12M102.88M82.66M